Plant characteristics such as non-uniformity in panicle emergence, long flowering period and low seed retention are responsible difficulties in harvesting for guinea grass (Panicum maximum) seeds. The period from initial panicle emergence to the time when a maximum number of emerged panicle is reached varies from year to year and is also influenced by plant age, geografical location of the area, management practices and other factors. In the past few years this period has varied from 26 to 36 days. The highest percentage of emerged panicles in relation to the total number of produced panicles has varied from 50 to 90% The production of pure live seeds per unit of area is related to the percentage of open emerged panicles at harvest time. Panicum maximum seeds do not remain attached to the panicle for long after reaching morphological maturity, as described in terms of maximum dry weight. Physiological maturity, however, can be reached before that time. Several harvesting methods, manual and mechanic, are described and compared in terms of efficiency, both in relation to quantity and quality. Some aspects of seed drying are also discussed.