An experiment was carried out at the Mycology Laboratory of Cenargen - Biotechnology and Genetic Resources National Center, Brasília, DF, Brazil, in order to study the health of ?aroeira? (Astronium urundeuva Fr. (All.) EngI.) seeds harvested in September of 1989 from 122 trees. Two methods (standard blotter at 20°C and agar plate test at 20°C and 28°C) were evaluated and compared for their efficiency in ?aroeira? seeds health testing. Twenty five fungi were identified: Aspergillus sp., A. niger, A. flavus, Penicilliurn sp., Trichoderma sp., Alternaria alternata, Rhizopus sp., Cladosporium sp., Phoma sp., Curvularia sp., Diplodia sp., Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Phornopsis sp., Epicoccum sp., Gelasinospora sp., Drechslera sp., Nigrospora sp., Aspergillus ochraceus, Monilia sp., Fusarium sp., Coniothyriurn sp., Pestalotia sp., Cephalosporium sp., Chaetomium sp., Monochaetia sp. The efticiency of the methods changed according to the species of funga. Therefore the results suggest for ?aroeira? seeds the standard blotter test at 20°C.