INFLUENCE OF RED-PALMITO (Euterpe espiritosantensis Fernandes) SEED WEIGHT IN THE PERCENTAGE AND GERMINATION SPEED
CIBELE CHALITA MARTINS, JOÃO NAKAGAWA, MARILENE LEÃO ALVES BOVI E HELENO STANGUERLIM
The present study had as objective to determine the influence of the weight or size of seeds of red-palmito in the percentage and germination speed. Mature fruits from 17 palms were collected, in the Experimental Station of Ubatuba (Agronomic Institute of Campinas) and transported in impermeable packing to the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, where they were depulped. The seeds were classified by size in six sieves of round hole: 26/64? (10.31mm), 28/64? (11.11mm), 30/64? (11.90mm), 32/64? (12.69mm), 34/64? (13.49mm) and 36/64? (14.28mm); being determined, in samples, the medium weight of the classified seeds (4x50 fresh seeds and results in g/seed). The following quality tests were applied: seed moisture content (3x7 seeds, dried at 105±3oC/24 hours); germination test (4x25 seeds, 2030oC, in vermiculite, counting in the 28th day); first germination counting (seven days after sowing) and index of germination speed (daily germination of the 7th to the 28th day). Seed drying rate was evaluated on drying chamber (relative umidity = 34±3% and temperature = 22±3oC) during 216 hours. Red-palmito seed weight was shown to be positive and highly correlated with seed size and both characteristics were related to the overall germination performance. The heavier the seed, the higher the germination speed. Seeds with weight equal or higher than 0.97g (selected in sieves of round hole 28, 30, 32 and 34) presented higher germination percentage. Different resistances to drying were observed for the diverse seed weights. Similar drying curves were observed until 120 drying hours (23 to 24% seed water content). After that, seeds under 0.97g (sieve 26) dried faster, reaching 10.8% water content after 216 hours of drying, four percentual points below the heavier seeds.
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