The objective of this work was to describe the morphological characteristics of
fruits, seeds and seedlings of Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart., X. emarginata Mart. and X. sericea
St.Hil. The fruits are dehiscent and consist of clusters of follicles each one with a long stalk and
carrying. When ripe, the fruits present a red endocarp and a red green epicarp, both remaining
relatively fleshy. The seed is perichalazal and stenospermic, with a oblong to obovate geometric
form. The seed coat is wrapted up by a thin and waxen sarcotesta. When the seed has high moisture
content, the sarcotesta has a grey colour; when the seed dries out, the sarcotesta becomes drier,
acquiring a red colour. It was observed that the seed is bitegmic, being the testa a black and the
tegmen a brown colour. The tegmen launches wall projections towards endosperm interior,
presenting a typical ruminated form. In the seed surface there are two micropilar arils, fleshy,
colourless and rich in oleaginous cells. The seed is albuminous, with ruminated and horny
endosperm, colourless and rich in oleaginous cells. The embryo occupies a basal and peripheral
position; it is colourless, continuous type, not very well differentiated. The studied seeds not
germinated, after incubated under controlled conditions.