Acacia polyphylla DC. is a typical tree species of the initial stage of the secondary
succession, recommended for restoring degraded areas. However, it was not found any reference
that mentioned the chemical components, morphological aspects, as well as the aspects of the
post-seminal development of this species. The objective of the present work was to characterize
and to illustrate fruits and seeds and to quantify some present chemical components in the seeds
and accompanying the different stages of the seedling development. The morphological descriptions
of the fruits and seeds were done in relation to the form, size, surface, micropile and shape and
position of the embryo. For the morphological description of the seedlings, the seeds were placed
to germinate in Murashige & Skoog and incubated at 25oC. All germination stages were observed
and both normal and abnormal seedlings were described and illustrated. The fruit is a dehiscente
legume and contains from eight to 16 flat seeds, with testal coat: embryo axial and invaginated.
The germination of seeds is epigeal and the seedlings are phanerocotyledonarious.